Definitions

Links to sites where counties can upload their submissions of results against each of the respective DLIs.

Below is the reporting timeline for counties to provide their results.

The Indicator against which the performance of the county will be evaluated.

Flow rate - a water point must have a minimum flowrate of 0.16 litres per second. Where water rationing is in place, a household must have access to at least 20 litres of water per household member per day from the water point, held in storage containers.

To be added after March 2026 verification discussions

An improved water service must meet all of the following criteria:

Typology - use one of the following water point typologies:

• A metered connection to a piped water system at a household’s yard or house.
• A yard tap shared by more than one household.
• A water kiosk with a public tap or standpipe connection; and
• A hand pump shared by more than one household. Where a hand pump is fitted to a hand dug well, the well must be lined with cast in place or pre-cast concrete, brick or stone, and fully covered with a slab.

Service radius – households served must be within 500m radius of water kiosks and hand pumps.

Flow rate - a water point must have a minimum flowrate of 0.16 litres per second. Where water rationing is in place, a household must have access to at least 20 litres of water per household member per day from the water point, held in storage containers.

Water from the source must be available year round, including in the dry and rainy seasons.

Water quality:

Upon development of the water scheme, the water quality must be certified as fit for human consumption according to the Kenyan drinking water quality standards (Adopted from KS 05-459: Part 1:1996) issued by WASREB. For an existing water source that has been developed before the start of the Program, the water quality must be checked at the time of completion of rehabilitation/expansion of the water scheme.

Water supplied must be certified as fit for human consumption by an accredited water testing laboratory, according to the Kenyan drinking water quality standards (Adopted from KS 05-459: Part 1:1996) issued by WASREB dated within the last three months, based on one sample taken from the trunk main, and four samples at different points of distribution (kiosks and household connections). For water kiosks that have chlorine dispensers for users to add chlorine to their water at collection, the water sample will be taken from the tap before any chlorine has been added.

The use of raw water sources with arsenic concentrations above the WHO potable water standard of 10µg/l is not permitted under the Program, regardless of any arsenic removal processes that are proposed.

SRS refers to simple random sampling

The 80% rule applies to DLIs 2, 4, 10.1 and 10.2

The rule works as follows: If verification finds that less than 80% of results reported in a county for the DLI in any one program period and verification cycle are eligible, the county will not receive any disbursement for those results under the DLI in the current program period. However, the county may resubmit the results for verification in a subsequent program period after resolving the eligibility issues.

Any scheme where one of the 4 main elements (source intake, main pipeline, storage tank and pumping station (if pumping is required), has been extended and new households are being served water by the extended scheme in a separate previously unserved area. Rehabilitation of the four main elements is permitted.

Any scheme where all 4 main elements (source intake, main pipeline, storage tank and pumping station (if pumping is required)) are built within the Program period.

The minimum design checklist includes the following:

1. Project proposal/Preliminary Concept note and Feasibility studies; clearly discussing problem statement, possible solutions and preferring/recommending the project for development, Confirmation that the water scheme will serve a rural area as defined in the PAD, confirmation of availability of land, source of funding, considerations of stakeholder engagement, ownership and sustainability of the proposed project. 
2. Design period for each element/component of the project, 
3. Population; current, future and ultimate projections.
4. Water Demand Assessment: current, future and ultimate water demand assessment for the various categories of consumption (including for multiple water uses).
5. Water Supply Assessment: Available sources, topography, water quality assessment, existing schemes and other proposed interventions.
6. Hydraulic design (for piped schemes); Assumptions made, engineering survey, network layout, pressure distribution, volume of flows, water storage, design of electromechanical equipment/installations and, network operation reliability assessment.
7. System design including design calculations, drawings, BoQs and tender documents if any; including phasing considerations, assessment of applicable technologies.
8. A service area map drawn to scale with accurate location of: (i) all households with connections; (ii) all households within a 500m radius of water kiosks; (iii) all water kiosks.
9. An assessment has been made of the climate resilience risks to the water scheme relating to flooding, drought and high winds. Where drought has been identified as a climate resilience risk, an assessment has been made of sustainable groundwater/surface water abstraction rates that considers existing abstraction for other uses, runoff/recharge rates and environmental and ecological needs. Design and operational mitigation measures to address the climate resilience risks to the water scheme have been identified and adopted.
10. The community have been consulted during the design phase through at least one community meeting at which plans and designs were presented and community members were given a full opportunity to raise questions and concerns;
11. Project screened and where applicable, Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) undertaken before commencement culminating in the obtaining an EIA license;
12. Guidelines on land acquisition/allocation and voluntary land donations followed (Annexes 13, 14 and Annex 15); and
13. Considerations for multiple water use have been made and incorporated to the extent possible including 70 lpcd for multiple water use schemes.

Guiding Notes for K-WASH Projects

1. Project/Program designed must be eligible for K-WASH funding.
2. Manuals used for design of water and sanitation infrastructure are:

• Practice Manual Practice Manual for Water Supply Services in Kenya - 2005
• Draft Final Practice Manual for Sewerage and Sanitation Services in Kenya December 2008
• Costed Kenya Rural Sanitation and a Hygiene Roadmap 2023-2030
• Kenya Rural Sanitation & Hygiene pProtocol (RUSH) - 2023
• Monitoring Framework for Kenya Rural Sanitation & Hygiene Monitoring Framework For Kenya Rural Sanitation & Hygiene, 2023 – Rural Sanitation and Hygiene Protocol-http://guidelines.health.go.ke:8000/media/Monitoring_Framework_for_Rural_Sanitation_and_Hygiene_MoH.pdf
• WASREB Guidelines for Provision of Water & Sanitation Services in Rural and Underserved Areas in Kenya - 2019

3. The implementation of projects adhered to approved designs, and any changes made were approved according to the contract.
4. An Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) was carried out, and an EIA Licence issued by NEMA as prescribed in the Environmental, Social, Health and Safety Risk Management Manual.
5. A Resettlement Action Plan was prepared where economic and/or physical displacement was anticipated,
6. Relevant ESHS clauses were included in the bidding and contract documents for civil works to cascade the requirements of the ESHSRM Manual in construction works.
7. Proof that infrastructure Projects followed the laid down Procurement Procedures provided for in the PPAD Act 2015 Regulations 2020.acceptable to the PMU.

8. ^

    Once the WSS Design Manual is completed, this definition will be updated to refer to the criteria in the manual.

9. ^

    

The CWSS is a policy-level document containing an overarching framework to guide WSS sector investments and service delivery decisions at County level over a five-year period for achieving safe and sustainable water supply, sanitation and hygiene services for all citizens of the County.

The CWSS&IP must include: (a) a diagnosis of the current WASH access situation, policy, legal, regulatory and institutional constraints and a scenario analysis of how the County can achieve universal access to WASH; (b) establishment of the institutional structure for water resources management and WASH service delivery in rural and urban areas of the County including definition of how the County will use different service provision models as per WASREB regulations/guidelines; (c) detailed investments the County intends to implement to achieve universal access to WASH based on the scenario analysis with details of locations, and budgets; (d) consideration of climate resilience and WASH+; and (e) a financing plan for the strategy

For toilets constructed under DLI 4, they must have been constructed within the life of the K-WASH program. For households this is defined as the official start date of the operation, February 2024.

The Operational Cost Coverage Ratio (OCCR) is defined, in line with WASREB, as the WSP’s total operating revenues (the sum of billing for water, sewerage and other services) divided by the WSP’s total operating expenditures (the sum of expenses on personnel, BoD, General admin, direct operational expenditures, maintenance and levies and fees.

Direct operational expenditures include electricity, chemicals and fuel for vehicles.

Levies and fees include water abstraction fees, effluent discharge fees and regulatory levies.

Billing for other services include charges on connection and reconnection, illegal connections, meter rent, meter testing, replacement of stolen meters and exhauster services.

Operating Cost Ratio is applied at the WSP level.

OCCR formulae for disbursement are shown in Annex x.  

Sanitation: 

• Functional improved toilets (Washable floor, durable wall, fixed with lockable doors, and roof) for staff and clients; 
• at least one stance for each sex and a stance for people with disabilities at main Outpatient Department (OPD); 
• provision of ramp, hand rails, hand washing facility, and raised toilet seat in a toilet for people with disabilities; 
• inspection chamber, septic tank and soak away or cess pit are provided and are at good state of repair; 
• and latrines are free from visible fecal matter, urine and cleansing material.

Hygiene: 

• Liquid Soap or sanitizer is provided for at least one hand washing point; and 
• water is available for hand washing for at least one hand washing point.

Improved water in health centers is: 

• Piped water supply to points of care meeting Kenyan drinking water quality standards (Adopted from KS 05-459: Part 1:1996) issued by WASREB 
• with a water quality test certificate dated within the last three months, based on one sample taken from one distribution point. 

An ESIA exists for the facilities where applicable in line with NEMA guidelines.

A village achieving Community Wide Sanitation (CWS) is one that meets the following 5 criteria:

5.2.1 Village has been verified as achieving ODF status

5.2.2 At least 70 percent of households in the village have access to improved sanitation facility

5.2.3 All public primary schools and ECDE Centres within the village have improved school WASH facilities. 

5.2.4 All public HCF within the village have improved HCF WASH facilities 

5.2.5 All faecal waste from primary schools and HCFs is safely disposed of.